Browsing by Author "Christopher, Lema Nicodemas"

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    Analysis into the factors influencing the level of small scale household farmers’ off-farm income amongst the grape farmers in Dodoma Tanzania
    (Medha Innovation & Development (M.I.D), 2014) Christopher, Lema Nicodemas
    The grant aim of this study was to assess the various factors that determine the level of small scale household farmers’ off farm income amongst grape farmers in Dodoma. The study applied the Tobit econometric technique in investigating the factors that may explain the households’ decision on whether or not to participate in various off-farm income generating activities, using household data collected from grape farmers in Dodoma. Due to its failure in specification tests, the study employed the use of Censored Least Absolute Deviation estimator (CLAD) which is robust to heteroscedasticity and nonmorality specification problems facing the normal maximum likelihood estimations such as that of Tobit. The results indicated that the level of income amongst small scale households’ farmers from various off-farm income generating activities is significantly influenced by asset endowments where by financial assets, human capital assets and physical assets are the main assets influencing the decision where by human capital assets were the main determinants. The study went further into proposing policy interventions which includes awareness campaign for off-farm work, revisiting land ownership policies, provision of loans to farmers, availability of sustainable markets, effective implementation of Kilimo Kwanza policy and improved rural infrastructure.
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    Assessment on the informal sector and its impact to the economy in Tanzania: The case of Arusha Municipality
    (Diva Enterprises Pvt. Ltd., 2013) Christopher, Lema Nicodemas
    The main objective of this study was to assess the informal sector and its contribution to the Tanzanian economy having Arusha municipality as the case study. The study attempted to find out the level of contribution the informal sector is making to the economy by looking at a number of factors, which were entrepreneurial skills, capital, production technique, and legal status. The study employed mainly qualitative approach in data collection and analysis after which the researcher identified a number of factors that affect contribution of informal sector to the economy. They included lack of permanent centers for doing business, lack of entrepreneurial skills, absence of market, market pressure resulting to low commodity prices, too high taxes established as well as unstable weather conditions. It also went further into suggesting the possible recommendations/policies to the government and policy makers in order to improve the current situation that included provision of entrepreneurship training, establishment of permanent business places, formation of small groups for easy accessibility to loans and education pertaining to formalities in obtaining those loans from financial institutions.