Richard, T. M.2024-03-252024-03-252023Richard, T. M. (2023). The role of resource nationalism in mitigating conflicts and improving community benefits: a case of Geita gold mine in Tanzania, (Doctoral Thesis) The University of Dodoma.https://repository.udom.ac.tz/handle/20.500.12661/4349Tanzania gold mining sector has been experiencing social, economic, and environmental challenges. To mitigate these challenges, in 2017 the Parliament enacted mineral legislations. The impacts of these reforms are not clearly known since its enactment in 2017 due to limited studies. Thus, this study assessed the role of resource nationalism in mitigating conflicts and improving community benefits in Geita District. Specifically, the study assessed the contribution of old and new mineral legislations of 2017 on improving revenue and community benefits. The study also assessed the contribution of new mineral legislations on mitigating mineral resource conflicts and promoting environmental protection. Both qualitative and quantitative research approaches were applied. Data were collected through household survey, focus group discussions, in-depth interviews, documentary review and physical observations from 384 respondents. Qualitative data were analysed by using content and thematic analysis while quantitative data were analysed by using both descriptive and inferential statistics through SPSS software. The findings of the study have indicated that there was an increase in revenue collection from Geita Gold Mines Limited (GGML) by 190%. That is, from TZS 191 billion that was collected during the period of three years before the new legislations (2014/15- 2016/17) to TZS 554 billion for the same period of three years after new legislations (2017/18-2019/20). Also, projects financed through Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) increased from 25 projects for the period of 2014/15-2016/17 to 150 projects after new legislations (2017/18-2019/20). Generally, the findings indicate good progress in aspects of revenue, community benefits, environmental conservation, and decrease in conflicts. The study recommends improvement in aspects of land boundaries, compensation, environmental management related issues, allocation of areas for small and medium miners, and effective implementation of local content policy. These aspects have been found to be the remaining conflicting issues. The study also recommends improvement in environmental protection measures such as provision of environmental education as well as enhancing community participation during designing and implementation of projects.enThesis