Browsing by Author "Fyumagwa, Robert D."

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    Attitudes of Maasai pastoralists towards the conservation of large carnivores in the Loliondo game controlled area of Northern Tanzania
    (Academic Journals, 2014) Lyamuya, Richard D.; Masenga, Emmanuel H; Mbise, Franco Peniel; Fyumagwa, Robert D.; Mwita, Machoke N.; Roskaft, Eivin
    Attitudes towards the conservation of lions, leopards, cheetah, spotted hyenas and African wild dogs were assessed in the Loliondo Game Controlled Area of northern Tanzania in January 2013. Our survey encompassed 181 individuals each representing onehousehold, of which 30 were chosen randomly from six Maasai pastoralist villages. A semi-structured questionnaire was used to acquire the required information from the respondents. We found that the majority of the Maasai pastoralists, particularly females, expressed negative attitudes towards the conservation of large carnivores. The reasons given for disliking carnivores differed between the sexes, but the most common reasons were that the carnivores attacked the respondents’ livestock at night and also purposefully and frequently attacked people. The Maasai pastoralists who had been to school, mostly males, expressed more positive attitudes than those who had not been to school. Those who liked at least two carnivore species had received greater benefits from conservation programs than those who liked only one or disliked all carnivore species. Therefore,to supportthe conservation ofwild dogs and otherlarge carnivores at large, we recommend that where possible, female Maasai should be allowed to access Protected Areas (PAs) resources during the time of hard ship or drought to improve their livelihood. In addition, they should be empowered by being involved in conserving large carnivores as “carnivore guardians”, exposed to ecotourism activities and be educated. Furthermore, conservation performance payments for carnivores should be institutionalized in the area.
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    Black rhino conservation in Tanzania: translocation efforts and further challenges
    (International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources., 2010) Fyumagwa, Robert D.; Nyahongo, Julius W.
    Tanzania had many black rhinos (Diceros bicornis) in the 1960s but was hit by ruthless poaching between the 1970s and late 1980s. From the 1990s, the country declared a war against unscrupulous poachers in order to conserve the few remaining rhinos. The current strategy is to reintroduce black rhinos that were originally from East Africa in order to increase genetic diversity. Three translocations of black rhinos between 1997 and 2001 involved 10 animals from South Africa, two of which were reintroduced to Ngorongoro Crater and eight to Mkomazi National Park. In 2007, two black rhinos from Port Lympne Wild Animal Park, UK, were introduced into a sanctuary adjacent to Ikorongo-Grumeti Game Reserves. In June 2009, three black rhinos from the Czech Republic were translocated to Mkomazi National Park. Another translocation operation is expected to begin in May 2010 whereby 32 black rhinos will be translocated into the Serengeti ecosystem from Thaba Tholo, Thabazimbi, South Africa. Although the first five translocation operations went well, the challenge is the management of the reintroduced rhinos amid the growing social-ecological pressures affecting protected areas. Management authorities should consider the recommended sex ratio for rhino populations to avoid excessive male aggression.
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    Can enhanced awareness change local school children’s knowledge of carnivores in northern Tanzania?
    (Taylor & Francis, 2016) Lyamuya, Richard D.; Straube, Anne Cathrine Strande; Guttu, Ane M.; Masenga, Emmanuel H.; Mbise, Franco P.; Fyumagwa, Robert D.; Stokke, Bård G.; Jackson, Craig R.; Røskaft, Eivin
    We used a four-day program with a pre-test–post-test approach on 355 selected school children to investigate the influence of a wildlife education project on the acquisition of knowledge about large carnivores in Loliondo, Tanzania. After the school program was completed, a significantly higher number of school children correctly identified six carnivore species, compared to when the same identification task was administered prior to the initiation of the school program. This increased knowledge is important for the conservation of large carnivores in general and of African wild dogs, in particular, because the post-test results showed that most school children considered wild dogs to be an important part of the ecosystem. In areas experiencing human– carnivore conflict, it is important to include conservation education programs in school curricula as early as possible to enable students to gain knowledge of large carnivores and their role in ecosystems.