Browsing by Author "Gesase, A. P."

Now showing 1 - 3 of 3
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Bilateral anomalies of renal pelves presenting with supernumerary left testicular vein
    (IMTU, 2013) Mwashambwa, M. Y.; Gesase, A. P.; Mwampagatwa, I. H.
    The current observation presents a case of right duplicated renal pelvis and anomalies of right and left renal vessels. The duplicated pelvis formed anterior and posterior segments which entered the renal substance separately and each had its own set of renal major calyces. The anterior segment appeared dilated, measuring about 1.3cm wide and was associated with three major calyces. The posterior segment had a straight course and appeared narrower than the anterior segment; it measured 0.75cm wide and it was associated with one major calyx. Both anterior and posterior segments joined into a common channel that formed the ureter. The left kidney was observed to have dilated triangular renal pelvis with a base measuring 4cm, it was associated with supernumerary testicular veins both which drained into the left renal vein. Congenital anomalies of the renal pelvis can lead to pelvicoureteric obstruction, urinary tract infection, stone and cancer formation. Supernumerary testicular vein are very rare anomalies ad have been commonly observed in females than in the males. Ontological significance of such anomalies is not clearly known, but continuous documentation of congenital abnormalities of the urinary system remains to be important in medical and surgical practice
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Dangers of injections overuse in developing countries with a high HIV/AIDS prevalence: a review on HIV risk hazards, traumatic effects and other blood borne infections
    (Elsevier, 2011) Nsimba, S. E. D.; Gesase, A. P.; Massele, A. Y.
    Use of injections is commonly practiced in both developed and developing countries. However, in developing countries like Tanzania, both public and private health care providers prescribe and administer injections to clients/patients. The private sector in developing countries is on the leading side for several reasons and becomes the main one being economic or financial gains through charging patients who demand or request or need an injection. Injections in Tanzania are believed by clients/patients or consumers to work fast or better or more effective than oral medications/tablets. This belief is based on the pharmacological advantage of the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of injectables versus oral medications/tablets. Despite the curative advantage injections have in a human body, these injections must be administered by qualified personnel in our health facilities applying both aseptic and sterile techniques in order to minimize/prevent trauma which may lead to paralysis after damaging sciatic nerve to gluteal muscle, nerve to deltoid muscle, continuous bleeding in individuals with bleeding disorders such as haemophilia, or thrombocytopenia, and spread of infections such as HIV, hepatitis B, C, poliomyelitis, osteomyelitis and other abscesses. Thus, there is a need to institute educational interventions targeting all the three levels i.e. health care providers (clinicians and nurses) in public and private facilities, clients/patients or consumers of care who attend in these facilities and not forgetting injection drug users and traditional healers/practitioners from the informal health sector in our society.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Midline-triangular liver presenting with extra hepatic porto-vena cava communication
    (Thieme Medical Publishers, 2016) Pryakhin, A.; Mchonde, G.; Gesase, A. P.
    The current observation has documented a 50 years old male cadaver with anomalous triangular liver that was situated in the midline of the abdomen, occupying the epigastrium, umbilical and the suprapubic regions and pushing the small intestines into the pelvic cavity. The triangular liver contained two separate right and left portions that were attached by the peritoneal folds to the anterior abdominal wall, xiphoid process and lower costal cartilages. The left liver portion received a direct arterial supply from the aorta. The portal vein gave rise into two extrahepatic tributaries that opened directly into the inferior vena cava. Other anomalies that were observed in the abdomen included the oval-shaped stomach located in the left abdomen and extending into the left lumbar region. The transverse colon was situated in the suprapubic region and small intestines occupied the suprapubic region and the pelvic cavity. The right testicular vein drained into the right renal vein. The current observations report for the first time midline triangular liver occurring with extrahepatic porto-vena cava communication. The origin of the anomalies of hepatic morphology occurring in the course of organogenesis remains to be determined. Continued documentation of liver anomalies remains to be important in medical practice and in the understanding of liver ontogeny.