Browsing by Author "Gesase, Ainory Peter"

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    Atrial septal defect in a 50 years old male presenting as oblique septal canal that appeared to be regulated by five luminal bands
    (IMED Research Publications, 2014) Gesase, Ainory Peter; Mchonde, Gabriel J.; Meremo, Alfred; Manyama, Mange
    To date seven different types of atrial septal defects (ASD) have been described and they include septum primum, septum secundum, superior vena cava, inferior vena cava, coronary sinus and patent foramen ovale types of ASD. One feature in common among these ASD’s is that they all present with a hole that may allow communication between the left and right atria. The current observation reports what appears to be a new type of ASD that is characterized by the presence of an oblique septal canal that opens into the right and left atria. The right atrial opening was D-shaped and measured about 0.9 cm wide and the left atrial opening was crescent-shaped and measuring about 0.5 cm wide. In addition to this the left atrial opening was associated with five luminal bands; the last three bands lies on the roof of the oblique septal canal. The action of pulling the first luminal band resulted into closure of the left atrial opening an indication that the bands prevented blood coming from the lungs from entering into the right atrium. The presence of oblique septal canal and luminal bands has not been reported in relation to the ASD’s. Continued documentation of such anomalies remains clinically important particularly in African settings where unexplained illnesses are easily attributed to endemic diseases.
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    Lipid secretory mechanisms in the mammalian harderian gland
    (WILEY-LISS, 1996) Satoh, Yohichi; Gesase, Ainory Peter; Habara, Yoshiaki; Ono, Kazuyuki; Kanno, Tomio
    The mammalian Harderian glands are lipid-secreting glands. In an unstimulated condition, the glandular cells frequently exocytose the lipid materials; however, no intracellular calcium ion ([Ca2+l,) changes are detectable. Cholinergic (muscarinic) secretagogues induce secre tory activity and increase of [Ca2+lc. A Gprotein activator, sodium fluoride, enhances the secretory activity and increase of [Ca2+Ic. Removal of extracellular calcium ions inhibits the secretion en hanced by cholinergic stimulation. Under pharmacologic stimulation, glandular cells may show an apocrine-like secretory pattern. Cholinergic stimulation also induces contraction of the myoepithe lial cells covering glandular end pieces; however, the reduction in volume of glandular end pieces is not prominent. Catecholamines have no effect on the release of lipid materials. These results indicate the involvement of G-proteins linking with muscarinic receptors and Ca2+ dynamics (increase of [Ca2+l, and Ca2+ influx) in lipid secretion by glandular cells and in contraction of myoepithelial cells of mammalian Harderian glands. However, the increase of [Ca2 + I, in Harderian glands was less when compared with other cells-for instance, those which secrete protein. 0 1996 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
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    Men in maternal health: an analysis of men’s views and knowledge on, and challenges to, involvement in antenatal care services in a Tanzanian community in Dodoma region
    (Cambridge University Press, 2020) Gibore, Nyasiro Sophia; Gesase, Ainory Peter
    Promoting men’s involvement in antenatal care (ANC) requires an understanding of their views on how they ought to be involved. Their involvement in ANC services can help in reducing delay in deciding to seek care and facilitate women’s access to skilled antenatal services. This study sought to determine men’s views and knowledge on, and challenges to, involvement in ANC services in Tanzania. The cross-sectional study was carried out in four districts of Dodoma Region in November 2014 and June 2016. A multi-stage sampling strategy was used to select the study respondents. Data were collected by interviewing 966 men using a structured questionnaire. Univariate, bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to examine the association between men’s involvement in ANC services and their background characteristics. About 63.4% of respondents accompanied their partners to ANC services. Men’s view was that they can be involved through accompanying their partner to ANC clinics and providing money for health services. Men who had poor knowledge on ANC services were two times less likely to be involved in ANC services. Similarly, long waiting times at the antenatal clinics decreased the likelihood of service utilization by their partners. Men from a two-income household were more likely to be involved in ANC services than men from households where the men’s earnings were the only source of income. Challenges encountered by men during attendance at ANC services included: perception of antenatal clinics as places only for women, financial difficulties, influence of peer pressure and lack of time due to occupational demands. There is a need to establish community outreach ANC services that offer couple-friendly services in Tanzania. Also, it is crucial to have a policy for men’s involvement in maternal health care that addresses cultural practices that hinder men’s involvement in ANC services.
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    Termination pattern of the main and accessory pancreatic ducts among Tanzanians
    (Association of Anatomical Societies of Africa, 2014) Mchonde, Gabriel J.; Gesase, Ainory Peter
    The pancreas has the main and occasionally a patent accessory pancreatic ducts that carry secretions to the duodenum. Anatomical studies on these ducts are limited. The present study observed the anatomy of the two ducts in eighty six Tanzanians autopsy subjects to find out if the pattern is similar to those reported from other populations. The patent accessory pancreatic duct, and common channel formed by union of accessory pancreatic duct and common bile duct were present in 29.1% and 7% respectively, and shorter common channels formed by the main pancreatic and common bile duct were observed. These are novel findings and have not been reported before. The variations on the pattern of the two ducts have anatomical and clinical implications. Adequate knowledge of these variations is important for clinical and surgical procedures of the pancreaticobilliary system.
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    Variation on the left atrial appendage associated with a persistence ductus arteriosus
    (Edorium journals, 2018) Mchonde, Gabriel Jackob; Gesase, Ainory Peter
    Morphological variations involving co-existence of left atria appendage (LAA) and patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) are extremely rare congenital anomaly. case report: this manuscript presents a case of a massive chicken-wing left atria appendage associated with a patent ductus arteriosus observed during a routine dissection of a 41-year-old embalmed male cadaver. the massive LAA overlaid the left cardiac artery and associated branches and great cardiac vein. Cardiac and vascular dysgenesis may arise due to activation or inactivation of embryonic transcription factors by any atypical factor. the resulting anomalies may present with clinical symptoms or could be asymptomatic. Knowledge on the coexistence and developmental variations of these two anatomical structures (LAA and PDA) is of importance in clinical presentation. Left atrial appendage, Persistence ductus arteriosus, Variation