Browsing by Author "Herman, Patricia Z."
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Item Designing and testing the efficacy of an interactive web-based clinical practice monitoring system on motivation in clinical learning and clinical meta-competences among nursing students: a quasi-experimental study in Tanzania(The University of Dodoma, 2021) Herman, Patricia Z.Clinical nursing education is an integral part of the nursing profession that is significant to fostering motivation in clinical learning and clinical meta-competencies among nursing students. However, its efficiency is overwhelmed by a mismatch of clinical instructor-student ratios that compromise comprehensive clinical mentorship, support, monitoring, supervision, and evaluation to nursing students. This study designed and tested the efficacy of an interactive web-based clinical practice monitoring system (IWBCPMS) on motivation in clinical learning and clinical meta-competencies among nursing students in Tanzania. The study adopted a sequential mixed method of which an uncontrolled quasi-experimental design was used for quantitative data among 589 randomly selected nursing students. The qualitative study used a phenomenological design to explore the validity and feasibility of the intervention. Academic motivation and clinical meta-competencies scales adapted from previous studies measured motivation in clinical learning, moral and self-rated perceived clinical competence among nursing students. Statistical product for service solution computer software program version 23 was used to analyze data. Descriptive analysis established socio-demographic profiles of nursing students. A simple and multivariate linear regression determined the effect of the intervention on outcome variables. The confidence interval was set at 95% and a significance level of ≤5% was considered a statistically significant effect. A mean age of nursing students was 23±2.689 while 65.0% of them were males. Owing to the experts’ appraisal, clinical instructors, and nursing students’ experiences, qualitative findings indicate that an IWBCPMS was a highly acceptable and feasible alternative to conventional clinical nursing pedagogies. Post-test findings indicated that an estimated effect of the intervention on motivation in clinical learning, self-rated perceived clinical competence and clinical moral competence were significantly higher than at baseline (β = 2.74; p<0.01; 95%CI: 1.011, 4.107), (β = 1.33; p<0.01; 95%CI: 0.927, 2.803) and (β = 0.75; p<0.01; 95%CI: 0.501, 0.817) respectively. The intervention demonstrated a significant effect on improving motivation in clinical learning and clinical meta-competencies among nursing students. Integrating technology in clinical nursing education pedagogy can be an alternative strategy in clinical nursing education in enhancing effective mentoring, supporting, monitoring, supervising, and evaluating nursing students during clinical settings.Item The impact of facilitation in a problem based pedagogy on self-directed learning readiness among nursing students: a quasi-experimental study in Tanzania(BMC Nursing, 2021) Millanzi, Walter C.; Herman, Patricia Z.; Hussein, Mahamudu R.Background: Self-directed learning is important in nursing as it is associated with improved clinical and moral competencies in providing quality and cost-effective care among people. However, unethical professional conduct demonstrated by some graduate nurses is linked with the way they are developed in schools alongside the content and pedagogies prescribed in nursing curricula. Pedagogical transformations appear to be inevitable to develop enthusiastic nursing students who can work independently in delivering quality and cost-effective nursing services to people. This study intended to examine the impact of facilitation in a problem-based pedagogy on selfdirected learning readiness among undergraduate nursing students in Tanzania. Methods: A controlled quasi-experimental design was conducted in Tanzanian higher training institutions from January to April 2019. A 40-item Self-directed learning Readiness scale for nursing education adopted from previous studies measured self-directed learning and the Student A descriptive analysis via a Statistical Package for Social Sciences software program (version 23) was performed to establish nursing students’ socio-demographic characteristics profiles. Independent samples t-test determined mean scores difference of self-directed learning readiness among nursing students between groups while regression analysis was performed to discriminate the effect of an intervention controlled with other co-related factors. Results: The post-test results of self-directed learning readiness showed that nursing students scored significantly higher [(M = 33.01 ± 13.17; t (399) = 2.335; 95%CI: 0.486,5.668)] in the intervention group than their counterparts in the control. Findings of SDL readiness subscales were significantly higher among students in the intervention including self-management [(M = 10.11 ± 4.09; t (399) = 1.354; 95%CI: 0.173,4.026)], interest learning [(M = 9.21 ± 2.39; t (399) = 1.189; 95%CI: 0.166,4.323)] and self-control [(M = 13.63 ± 5.05; t (399) = 2.335; 95%CI: 0.486,5.668)]. The probability of nursing students to demonstrate self-directed learning readiness was 1.291 more times higher when exposed to the intervention (AOR = 1.291, p < 0.05, 95%CI: 0.767, 2.173) than in the control.Item Prevalence, medication adherence, and determinants of type 2 diabetes mellitus during Coronavirus Disease 2019 pandemic among adults in Tanzania(SAGE Publications, 2024-01) Yustus, Isaack M.; Millanzi, Walter C.; Herman, Patricia Z.Introduction: Excessive consumption of comfort foods, which are mostly high in carbs, and limitations on outdoor and gym-based physical activities, for instance, are associated with foods high in the glycemic index and raise the risk of obesity and type 2 diabetes. In pandemic and or epidemic situations, peoples’ lifestyles may change significantly to lead them to non-communicable diseases. However, lifestyle changes and the occurrence of type 2 diabetes mellitus during the Coronavirus Disease 2019 pandemic among adults have not been well established in Tanzania. This study assessed the prevalence, medication adherence, and determinants of type 2 diabetes mellitus among adults in the country. Methods: A community-based analytical cross-sectional study was conducted in Dodoma region, Tanzania between September and October 2020 of which 107 adults aged above 18 years were studied regardless of whether they were newly diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus or not using a quantitative research approach. Interviewer-administered lifestyle habits and medication adherence structured questionnaires benchmarked from previous studies served as the main tools of data collection. The statistical package for social sciences computer program was used to analyze the data descriptively for frequencies and percentages and by regression analysis model to determine the association between variables with a 95% confidence interval and 5% significance level. Results: With a mean age of 31 ± 2.527 years, 59.8% of the respondents were female. 60.7% and 11.7% of the respondents had unhealthy and moderate lifestyle choices respectively. The prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus accounted for 63.9% of the respondents of which 44.6% were diagnostically confirmed during the Coronavirus Disease 2019 pandemic against 19.3% of respondents who were diagnosed before the pandemic. Medication adherence among the type 2 diabetes mellitus respondents accounted for 77.9% of the study respondents. Type 2 diabetes mellitus was significantly associated with being in the 36–55 age group (AOR = 1.054; 95% CI: 0.292, 3.162; p < 0.05); being female (AOR = 1.398; 95% CI: 0.205, 3.048; p < 0.05); having a job (AOR = 2.597; 95% CI: 1.243, 4.402, p < 0.05); and having unhealthy lifestyle habits (AOR = 3.301; 95% CI: 1.199, 6.52; p < 0.05). Conclusion: The majority of adults had type 2 diabetes mellitus of which most of them were confirmed to have the disease during the Coronavirus Disease 2019 pandemic. Few type 2 diabetes mellitus adults did not adhere to their medications as recommended. Their sociodemographic characteristics profiles and unhealthy lifestyles significantly led them to have the problem. The treatment of the disease above and health promotion activities may need to take unhealthy lifestyle choices and certain sociodemographic profiles of adults into consideration to assist in preventing the problem.