Browsing by Author "Lilungulu, Athanase G."
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Item The pattern and level of knowledge on obstetric and newborn danger signs and birth preparedness among pregnant women in Dodoma municipal: a cross sectional study(East African Health Research Commission, 2020) Masoi, Theresia John; Kibusi, Stephen Mathew; Ibolinga, Alex Ernest; Lilungulu, Athanase G.Background: Unacceptable high maternal mortality rates remain a major challenge in many low-income countries. Early detection and management of antenatal risk factors and good preparation for birth and emergencies are critical for improved maternal and infant outcomes. The aim of this study was to understand the pattern and level of knowledge on obstetric and newborn danger signs, Individual Birth Preparedness and Complication Readiness (IBPACR) among pregnant women in Dodoma Municipal. Methods: A quantitative cross sectional study was carried out between February and June 2018. A random selection of participants was employed to achieve a sample size of 450 pregnant women. A standard semi-structure questionnaire was used to collect data and descriptive analysis was carried out by using SPSS software to see the pattern and level of knowledge on obstetric danger signs and individual birth preparedness. Results: The mean age of participants was 25.6 years ranging from 16 to 48 years and majority 326 (72.4%) had 2 to 4 pregnancies. Only 203(45.1%) of the pregnant women were able to tell 8 and above danger signs with at least 1 from each of the 4 phases, with the most known obstetric danger signs being vagina bleeding during pregnancy 287(63.8), labour and delivery 234(52.0%), after delivery 278 (61.8) . 164 (36.4%) of the participants reported fever and difficult in feeding 182 (40.4%) as danger signs in newborn. Furthermore, only 75(16.7%) of the participants reported to be prepared for birth and complications. The most known component of birth preparedness was preparing important supply which are needed during birth 283 (62.9%). Conclusion: Results of this study showed a low level of knowledge on obstetric and newborn danger signs as well as poor individual birth preparedness and complication readiness. Important predictors of knowledge level and birth preparedness were found to be age, education level, gestation age at first visit and husband involvement in Antenatal visit and care.Item Reported knowledge, attitude and practice of antenatal care services among women in Dodoma municipal, Tanzania(MedCrave, 2016) Lilungulu, Athanase G.; Matovelo, Dismas; Gesase, A.Antenatal care service is an important goal concerning in the health status of the pregnant women during their reproductive period and its health beneficial accounting for nearly one quarter of all pregnant worldwide. Early booking has an advantage for proper pregnancy information sharing and pregnancy monitoring. Unfortunately, adverse pregnancy outcome can occur even in women without identifiable risk factors. The objective of this study was to describe knowledge, attitudes and practices towards women seeking antenatal care from their previous pregnancy in Dodoma Municipal Tanzania. This was a cross sectional community based descriptive survey study. A pre-tested structured questionnaire was applied. . Among the 500 women included, 299(59.8%) was from the age group of 19 to 25 years. A total of 477(95.4%) were at the level of primary education. About 341(68.2%) of them were housewives while 155(31%) of them worked as Petty business and only 4(0.8%) worked at the public work. 101(20.2%) of women having more than three children and categorized as multipara. A total of 104 women (20.8%) had history of home delivery and only 4 women (0.8%) had history of assisted by traditional birth attendance, however highest interviewed women 257(51.4%) had the hospital delivery and 117(23.4) had delivery at the health centre. Regarding of the reproduction history, 78(15.6%) of them had experienced episode of eclampsia, 235(47%) had episode of involved with perineal tear. Only 1(0.2%) of them had history of one stillbirth before while 186(37.2%) of the interviewed women had history of postpartum haemorrhage. The highest first antenatal clinic attendance of pregnancy were 28weeks of gestation age 169(33.8%) with the few of the women had attended at 36weeks of gestation age 20(4%).Only 62(12.4%) of the women admitted that they did come for antenatal visit during the first three months and others had the late visit. However, only 92(18.4%) admitted that they had delivery by caesarian section on their previous pregnancy while 408(81.6%) of them had spontaneous vaginal delivery. Only 60(12.0%) of women had one visit of antenatal clinic and 270(54.0%) were the highest which had two visit, three were 93(18.6) and four visit were 77(12.4%). In Conclusion, ANC services, awareness and the use of supplements therapy are promising in the pregnancy women. To achieve maximum ANC services and practices among pregnancy women with high and low risk groups, there is a need to integrate public and private sector concerning ANC services planned and conducted in order to improve their maternal health and eventually improve the health status of newborn child.Item Retrospective review of clinical and pathological pattern of prostatic diseases: a reminder to clinicians on an increased clinical vigilance, an experience from central, Tanzania(Medical Association of Tanzania (MAT), 2017) Mwashambwa, Masumbuko Y.; Lilungulu, Athanase G.; Meremo, Afred J.; McCann, Martin; Gesase, Ainory P.Prostatic diseases are a very common in men over 40 years of age and pose a significant risk in terms of morbidity and mortality. Globally, benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), prostatic cancer and prostatitis are the most common conditions mainly presenting with lower urinary symptoms or symptoms related to complications of urinary bladder obstruction. Despite the relatively high prevalence of prostatic diseases, there is paucity of literature on in most developing countries, East Africa inclusive. The aim of this study was therefore to conduct a retrospective review of all prostatic biopsies submitted to private histopathology laboratory in Central, Tanzania in order to understand the clinical and histological pattern of the diseases. This was a retrospective laboratory-based descriptive study. The study involved review of the available prostatic biopsy database for a period of one year, from February 2014 to February 2015. Benign prostatic hyperplasia (61.6%) and prostate cancer (28.3%) are the most prevalent clinical diagnoses. They often presented with lower urinary tract symptoms (45.5%) and urinary retention (41.5%), although a significant proportion of cases were missing clinical information (10.1%). Histologically, BPH was the most common prostatic disease (60%), followed by prostate cancer (24.1%) and prostatitis (15.9%). The likelihood of making correct clinical diagnosis of BPH and cancer of prostate was consistently low (66.3% and 51.9% respectively). Despite clinical suspicion of prostatic cancer, there was high preponderance by clinicians to perform prostatectomy (80%), contrary to standard recommendation. Most histologically confirmed prostatic cancer had unfavorable scores in terms of histological extent of tumor (63.6%) and Gleason’s sum (92.9%). This study has demonstrated that clinical and histological patterns of prostatic diseases are similar to other studies, most of which are presenting with lower urinary tract symptoms and urinary retention. The accuracy of clinical diagnosis is low and a significant number of clinically suspected cases of prostate cancer underwent surgical operation, many of whom had unfavorable prognostic scores. It is recommended that clinicians should: scale up clinical vigilance and index of suspicion in dealing with cases of prostatic diseases, provide necessary information to histopathologists, and adhere to guidelines in managing prostatic cancer. Furthermore, resources for management of prostatic diseases should be increased and more studies should be conducted.