Browsing by Author "Morgan, Emmanuel D."

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    Aneurysmal bone cyst of the mandible: a rare case report and literature review
    (Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health), 2023) Yahaya, James J.; Morgan, Emmanuel D.; Abraham, Zephania S.; Othieno, Emmanuel
    Introduction and importance: Aneurysmal bone cysts (ABCs) are benign, non-neoplastic cystic lesions composed of multiple blood-filled cavities, which are separated by connective tissue septa and they constitute ~6 and 1.5% of all cases of the skull and jaws lesions, respectively. Case presentation: Herein, the case of an 80-year-old male with a histologically confirmed diagnosis of ABC involving the body of the left mandible was presented. The patient underwent partial mandiblectomy after confirmation of the diagnosis using orthopantomography, a computed tomography scan, and a tissue biopsy. The patient was free from pain after 1-year of follow-up, and the control orthopantomography showed no evidence of recurrence. This was followed by reconstruction of the healed part of the bone with titanium plates and a piece of bone from the lateral two-thirds of the left femur and thereafter he was cosmetically well. Clinical discussion: Patients with ABCs present with expansile and radiolucent bone lesions, which may be associated with displacement and loss of teeth due to alveolar bone erosion. Complete excision of the lesions is mandatory for the prevention of recurrence and increased morbidity. Conclusion: ABCs that involve the jaws are extremely rare and are more likely to pose a diagnostic challenge as they are more likely to be confused clinically with other expansile radiolucent bone lesions such as ameloblastoma, osteoblastoma, and giant cell tumor among many others. Also, those with extensive bone matrix formation may sometimes be confused histologically with other bone forming tumors including osteosarcoma. Recurrence is common but it can be avoided or minimized by complete resection of the lesion.
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    Predictors of microvascular complications in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus at regional referral hospitals in the central zone, Tanzania: a cross-sectional study
    (Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2024-02-29) Shillah, Wilfred B.; Yahaya, James J.; Morgan, Emmanuel D.; Bintabara, Deogratius
    Microvascular complications encompass a group of diseases which result from long-standing chronic effect of diabetes mellitus (DM). We aimed to determine the prevalence of microvascular complications and associated risk factors among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). A cross-sectional analytical hospital-based study was conducted at Singida and Dodoma regional referral hospitals in Tanzania from December 2021 to September 2022. A total of 422 patients with T2DM were included in the analysis by determining the prevalence of microvascular complications and their predictors using multivariable logistic regression analysis. A two-tailed p value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. The prevalence of microvascular complications was 57.6% (n= 243) and diabetic retinopathy was the most common microvascular complication which accounted for 21.1% (n= 89). Having irregular physical activity (AOR= 7.27, 95% CI = 2.98–17.71, p < 0.001), never having physical activity (AOR= 2.38, 95% CI = 1.4–4.01, p = 0.013), being hypertensive (AOR= 5.0, 95% CI = 2.14–11.68, p = 0.030), having T2DM for more than 5 years (AOR= 2.74, 95% CI = 1.42–5.26, p = 0.025), being obese (AOR= 2.63, 95% CI = 1.22–5.68, p = 0.010), and taking anti-diabetic drugs irregularly (AOR= 1.94, 95% CI = 0.15–0.77, p < 0.001) were the predictors of microvascular complications. This study has revealed a significant proportion of microvascular complications in a cohort of patients with T2DM. Lack of regular physical activity, being obese, taking anti-diabetic drugs irregularly, presence of hypertension, and long-standing duration of the disease, were significantly associated with microvascular complications.
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    Predictors of microvascular complications in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus at regional referral hospitals in the central zone, Tanzania: a cross-sectional study
    (Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2024) Shillah, Wilfred B.; Yahaya James J.; Morgan, Emmanuel D.; Bintabara, Deogratius
    Microvascular complications encompass a group of diseases which result from long-standing chronic effect of diabetes mellitus (DM). We aimed to determine the prevalence of microvascular complications and associated risk factors among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). A cross-sectional analytical hospital-based study was conducted at Singida and Dodoma regional referral hospitals in Tanzania from December 2021 to September 2022. A total of 422 patients with T2DM were included in the analysis by determining the prevalence of microvascular complications and their predictors using multivariable logistic regression analysis. A two-tailed p value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. The prevalence of microvascular complications was 57.6% (n = 243) and diabetic retinopathy was the most common microvascular complication which accounted for 21.1% (n = 89). Having irregular physical activity (AOR = 7.27, 95% CI = 2.98–17.71, p < 0.001), never having physical activity (AOR = 2.38, 95% CI = 1.4–4.01, p = 0.013), being hypertensive (AOR = 5.0, 95% CI = 2.14–11.68, p = 0.030), having T2DM for more than 5 years (AOR = 2.74, 95% CI = 1.42–5.26, p = 0.025), being obese (AOR = 2.63, 95% CI = 1.22–5.68, p = 0.010), and taking anti-diabetic drugs irregularly (AOR = 1.94, 95% CI = 0.15–0.77, p < 0.001) were the predictors of microvascular complications. This study has revealed a significant proportion of microvascular complications in a cohort of patients with T2DM. Lack of regular physical activity, being obese, taking anti-diabetic drugs irregularly, presence of hypertension, and long-standing duration of the disease, were significantly associated with microvascular complications.