Browsing by Author "Ntalima, Kaloli Sayi"

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    Hyperglycemia and associated risk factors among formal sector employees in Dodoma city council- Tanzania: A cross sectional study
    (The University of Dodoma, 2019) Ntalima, Kaloli Sayi
    Background: Hyperglycemia is an important finding used for diagnosis of Diabetes mellitus which is a most common chronic and lifelong diseases in nearly all countries. Prevalence of persistent hyperglycemia is increasing at an epidemic rate in many parts of the world estimated to be 7.7% by 2030. Changing lifestyles has been contributed much on the rapid increase of the problem. The goal of this study was to assess the prevalence of hyperglycemia and risk factors among formal sector employees in Dodoma city council. Method: Community based cross-sectional study was conducted among formal sector employee from both public and private institutions in Dodoma city council. The sample size of 392 participants from different offices was used. Simple random sampling technique was used to get both number of the institution and participants. Hyperglycemia was defined as random blood glucose of ≥ 11. 1mmol/l. Physical activity and quality of diet was measured by the WHO standard questionnaire and UK Diabetes and Dietary Questionnaire (UKDDQ) respectively. Logistic regression model was fitted to identify the factors associated with hyperglycemia. Results: The overall prevalence of hyperglycemia was found to be 5.6% (22/392). It was found to be higher among males compared to females [7.3% vs 3%]. The prevalence of abdominal obesity was 44.9% more in females [70.3%vs.31.1%] than males. Prevalence of hyperglycemia was significantly associated with increased age [AOR=1.167, CI: 0.247-2.804], alcohol use [AOR=1.373, CI: 0.645 - 2.922] and general obesity [AOR=2.839, CI: 0.954-3.195]. Conclusion: The study revealed high prevalence of hyperglycemia among formal sector employee in Dodoma city. Age, obesity and life style characteristics of the participants were associated with increased risk of developing hyperglycemia. Life style change should be emphasized so as to reduce the risk of developing persistent hyperglycemia.
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    Setting – based prevalence and correlates of central obesity: findings from a cross-sectional study among formal sector employees in Dodoma City, Central Tanzania
    (Springer Nature, 2021) Munyogwa, Mariam John; Ntalima, Kaloli Sayi; Kapalata, Secilia Ng’weshemi
    Obesity at the workplace has been associated with symptoms of lower self-esteem, increased individual and employer healthcare costs, increased absenteeism and presenteeism and reduced productivity.Therefore, this study was designed to study the prevalence and correlates of central obesity among formal sector employees in Dodoma City. Study design was a cross-sectional survey conducted from March to June, 2019. Participants were employees from formal sector employment defined as those paid regular monthly wage and with either a secured permanent or temporary contract. Simple random sampling was used to select four out of fifteen large buildings hosting various establishments. Respondents were obtained conveniently and interviewed face to face. Central obesity was defined as a waist circumference greater than 102 cm for males and greater than 88 cm for females. Chi-square test was conducted to assess the differences among the groups. Simple and multiple logistic regression models were fitted to identify the correlates of central obesity. A total of 392 respondents (98% response rate) agreed and participated in the study. The overall prevalence of central obesity was found to be 41.8% (164/392). The prevalence of central obesity was significantly higher among females (67.4% p < 0.001), respondents aged ≥51 years (60%, p = < 0.001), administrators (55.1%p = < 0.05), respondents with salary of > 1,000,000 Tanzanian Shilling (TSh.) per month (54.4%, p = < 0.05), respondents who eat homemade meals at the workplace (64.2%, p = < 0.05) and respondents with hypertension (62.5%, p = < 0.05). Correlates of central obesity were found to be female sex (AOR = 9.53; 95% CI: 5.49, 16.78),increased age, eating homemade meals at the workplace (AOR = 2.32; 95% CI: 1.04, 4.19) and hypertension (AOR =3.15; 95% CI: 1.41, 6.91). The present study revealed high prevalence of central obesity among formal sector employees in Dodoma City. Scholars and stakeholders are urged to generate more evidences and design appropriate interventions to curb the situation.