Browsing by Author "Ramadhani Bakari"
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Item Optimization of solvothermal liquefaction of water hyacinth over PTFE-acid mediated kaolin catalyst for enhanced biocrude production(Elsevier BV, 2024) Ishaq Kariim; Ramadhani Bakari; Yusuf Olatunji Waidi; Wajahat Waheed Kazmi; Sunita Kumari Malla; Ji-Yeon Park; Muhammad Wasi Syed; Ali Hassan Bhatti; Ahmed Omer; Hulda Swai; In-Gu Lee; Thomas KiveveleThe invasive nature of water hyacinth and the need for renewable energy sources have necessitated this research. Catalyst development through enhanced pore structure and process parameters optimization are requirements for effective mass transport during the biomass valorization and improved biocrude formation during solvothermal liquefaction process. In this present study, the effects of temperature (250–340 ◦C), residence time (10–20 min) and catalyst loading (10–13 wt%) on biocrude, biochar, gas yield, and biomass conversion were optimized using a Box-Behnken experimental design. The developed catalyst through the application of poly tetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) for pore structure enhancement was characterized using SEM, BET and XRD techniques. The process optimization found maximum biocrude yield (32.0 wt%), minimum biochar yield (19.4 wt%) and maximum conversion efficiency (80.6%) at 340 ◦C, 20 min residence time, and 13 wt% catalyst loading. The GC-MS result of the biocrude produced at the optimum conditions (13 wt% catalyst loading) consists of ketones (32.2%), acids (22.3%) and had 65.2% carbon, 7.3% hydrogen, HHV of 29.4 MJ/kg and H/C ratio of 1.34 while an increment in catalyst loading of 20 wt% enhanced the overall biocrude properties with HHV of 35.50 MJ/kg. This result depicts the suitability of the PTFE modified acid treated kaolin for high quality biocrude production through valorization of water hyacinth into a candidate for renewable energy material.Item Optimization of solvothermal liquefaction of water hyacinth over PTFE-acid mediated kaolin catalyst for enhanced biocrude production(Elsevier BV, 2024) Ishaq Kariim; Ramadhani Bakari; Yusuf Olatunji Waidi; Wajahat Waheed Kazmi; Sunita Kumari Malla; Ji-Yeon Park; Muhammad Wasi Syed; Ali Hassan Bhatti; Ahmed Omer; Hulda Swai; In-Gu Lee; Thomas KiveveleThe invasive nature of water hyacinth and the need for renewable energy sources have necessitated this research. Catalyst development through enhanced pore structure and process parameters optimization are requirements for effective mass transport during the biomass valorization and improved biocrude formation during solvothermal liquefaction process. In this present study, the effects of temperature (250–340 ◦C), residence time (10–20 min) and catalyst loading (10–13 wt%) on biocrude, biochar, gas yield, and biomass conversion were optimized using a Box-Behnken experimental design. The developed catalyst through the application of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) for pore structure enhancement was characterized using SEM, BET and XRD techniques. The process optimization found maximum biocrude yield (32.0 wt%), minimum biochar yield (19.4 wt%) and maximum conversion efficiency (80.6%) at 340 ◦C, 20 min residence time, and 13 wt% catalyst loading. The GC-MS result of the biocrude produced at the optimum conditions (13 wt% catalyst loading) consists of ketones (32.2%), acids (22.3%) and had 65.2% carbon, 7.3% hydrogen, HHV of 29.4 MJ/kg and H/C ratio of 1.34 while an increment in catalyst loading of 20 wt% enhanced the overall biocrude properties with HHV of 35.50 MJ/kg. This result depicts the suitability of the PTFE modified acid treated kaolin for high quality biocrude production through valorization of water hyacinth into a candidate for renewable energy material.Item Optimizing ciprofloxacin removal from water using jamun seed (Syzygium cumini) biochar: A sustainable approach for ecological protection(Elsevier BV, 2024) Asha Ripanda; Mwemezi J. Rwiza; Elias Charles Nyanza; Linda Numph Bih; Miraji Hossein; Ramadhani Bakari; Somit Kumar Sigh; Giridhar Reddy; C.R. Ravikumar; H.C. Ananda Murthy; Karoli N. Njau; Said Ali Hamad Vuai; Revocatus L. MachundaScientific interest in antimicrobial pollutants, such as ciprofloxacin, has increased. Due to spread of antibioticresistant bacteria, resistance genes, and their dissemination to the environment. Therefore, their remediation is necessary to ensure ecological sustainability. The current study aimed to optimise the removal of ciprofloxacin from synthetic water using jamun seed (JS) (Syzygium cumini) biochar using a response surface methodology (RSM). Result indicates ciprofloxacin elimination efficiency ranged between 32.46 and 94.95%, indicating the material can be improved and used for remediation of organics. The residual standard error of 4.4% were found for the predicted model, implying that the model is credible and can be used to predict future experimental findings. The R-squarred value for the improved Langmuir model's R2 is 0.9681 which is inclose agreement with the Freundlich isotherm, R2 0.9757. Therefore, JS biochar could be utilized for the remediation of ciprofloxacin from contaminated water and wastewater for ecological safety and sustainability.