Browsing by Author "Sando, M. M."

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    Design and field methods of the ARISE network adolescent health study
    (Wiley Online, 2020) Darling, A. M.; Assefa, N.; Bärnighausen, T.; Berhane, Y.; Canavan, C. R.; Guwatudde, D.; Sudfeld, C.; Killewo, J.; Oduola, A.; Sando, M. M.; Sie, A.; Sudfeld, C.; Vuai, S.; Adanu, R.; Fawzi, W. W.
    The ARISE Network Adolescent Health Study is an exploratory, community‐based survey of 8075 adolescents aged 10–19 in 9 communities in 7 countries: Burkina Faso, Eswatini, Ethiopia, Ghana, Nigeria, Tanzania and Uganda. Communities were selected opportunistically and existing population cohorts maintained by health and demographic surveillance systems (HDSSs). The study is intended to serve as a first round of data collection for African adolescent cohorts, with the overarching goal of generating community‐based data on health‐related behaviours and associated risk factors in adolescents, to identify disease burdens and health intervention opportunities. Household‐based sampling frames were used in each community to randomly select eligible adolescents (aged 10–19 years). Data were collected between July 2015 and December 2017. Consenting participants completed face‐to‐face interviews with trained research assistants using a standardised questionnaire, which covered physical activity, cigarette and tobacco use, substance and drug use, mental health, sexual behaviours and practices, sexually transmitted infections, pregnancy, food security and food diversity, teeth cleaning and hand washing, feelings and friendship, school and home activities, physical attacks and injuries, health care, health status assessment and life satisfaction, as well as media and cell phone use and socio‐demographic and economic background characteristics. Results from this multi‐community study serve to identify major adolescent health risks and disease burdens, as well as opportunities for interventions and improvements through policy changes.
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    Prevalence and risk factors associated with malnutrition among adolescents in rural Tanzania
    (Wiley Online, 2020) Ismail, A.; Darling, A. M.; Mosha, D.; Fawzi, W.; Sudfeld, C.; Sando, M. M.; Noor, R. A.; Charles, J.; Vuai, S.
    To determine the prevalence and risk factors associated with malnutrition among adolescents in a rural Tanzanian community. Cross-sectional survey of 1226 randomly selected adolescents from the Dodoma Health and Demographic Surveillance System (HDSS) in the Chamwino district in the Dodoma region. Anthropometric measurements for weight and height were collected. Height-for-age-z-scores (HAZs) and body mass index (BMI)-for-age-z-scores (BAZs) were computed. Descriptive estimates were documented in graphs and tables, and weighted linear regression models were used to examine predictors of malnutrition. Stunting prevalence was 18%, and thinness prevalence was 14%. Overweight and obesity affected 5.23% of participants. Girls had higher HAZs (b: 0.46, 95% CI 0.33, 0.59, P < 0.0001) and BAZs (b: 0.20, 95% CI 0.05, 0.35, P = 0.0098) than boys. Age was inversely associated with HAZs (b: _0.13, 95% CI _0.17, _0.08, P < 0.0001) and BAZs (b: _0.05, 95% CI _0.10, _0.004, P = 0.0327). Wealth score (b: 0.10, 95% CI 0.04, 0.16, P = 0.0009) and dietary diversity score (b: 0.04, 95% CI 0.01, 0.07, P = 0.0080) were positively associated with HAZs and BAZs. Out of school adolescents had higher HAZs (b: _0.49, 95% CI _0.75, _0.23, P = 0.0003) and BAZs (b:0.68, 95% CI _0.99, _0.37, P < 0.0001) than adolescents who attended school. There are substantial variations of HAZs and BAZs across gender, age, education and wealth, with an emerging burden of overweight and obesity among adolescents in this rural population. Interventions are urgently required to curb both ends of the malnutrition spectrum.