Browsing by Author "Zabre, Pascal"

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    The Continued Impacts of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Education and Mental Health Among Sub-Saharan African Adolescents
    (Elsevier, 2022) Wang, Dongqing; Adedokun, Olufemi A; Millogo, Ourohiré; Madzorera, Isabel; Hemler, Elena C; Workneh, Firehiwot; Mapendo, Frank; Lankoandev, Bruno; Ismail, Abbas; Chukwu, Angela; Assefa, Nega; Watara, Sulemana; Lyatuu, Isaac; Okpara, Daniel; Abdullahi, Yasir Y; Zabre, Pascal; Vuai, Said; Soura, Abdramane Bassiahi
    This multicountry survey assessed the levels and the determinants of the impacts of the pandemic on education and mental health among adolescents in sub-Saharan Africa and the potential factors that may exacerbate these adverse impacts. A phone survey was conducted among adolescents in nine diverse areas in Burkina Faso, Ethiopia, Ghana, Nigeria, and Tanzania between July and December 2021. Approximately 300 adolescents per area and 2,803 adolescents in total were included. The survey collected information on adolescents’ sociodemographic characteristics, current COVID-19 preventive measures, and the impacts of the pandemic on daily activities, education, and mental health. Log-binomial models were used to calculate the adjusted prevalence ratios (aPRs) for determinants of education and mental health outcomes. Overall, 17% of the adolescents were not receiving any education. Compared to boys, girls were 15% more likely than boys to lack fully in-person education (aPR: 1.15; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.02, 1.30). Rural residence was associated with 2.7 times the prevalence of not currently receiving any education (aPR: 2.68; 95% CI: 2.23, 3.22). Self-reported experience of the current impacts of the pandemic on daily activities was associated with a higher prevalence of possible psychological distress (aPR: 1.86; 95% CI: 1.55, 2.24), high anxiety level (aPR: 3.37; 95% CI: 2.25, 5.06), and high depression level (aPR: 3.01; 95% CI: 2.05, 4.41). The COVID-19 pandemic presents continued challenges to adolescents’ education and mental health. Multisectoral efforts are needed to ensure that adolescents in sub-Saharan Africa do not fall further behind due to the pandemic
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    The COVID-19 pandemic and its impacts on diet quality and food prices in sub-Saharan Africa
    (Public Library of Science (PLOS), 2023) Ismail, Abbas; Madzorera, Isabel; Apraku, Edward A.; Tinkasimile, Amani; Dasmane, Dielbeogo; Zabre, Pascal; Ourohire, Millogo; Assefa, Nega; Chukwu,Angela; Workneh, Firehiwot; Mapendo, Frank; Lankoande, Bruno; Hemler, Elena; Wang, Dongqing; Abubakari, Sulemana W.; Asante, Kwaku P.; Baernighausen, Till; Killewo, Japhet; Oduola, Ayoade; Sie, Ali; Soura, Abdramane; Vua, Said; Smith, Emily; Berhane, Yemane; Fawz, Wafaie W.
    Background Sub-Saharan Africa faces prolonged COVID-19 related impacts on economic activity, livelihoods and nutrition, with recovery slowed down by lagging vaccination progress. Objective This study investigated the economic impacts of COVID-19 on food prices, consumption and dietary quality in Burkina Faso, Ethiopia, Ghana, Nigeria, and Tanzania. Methods We conducted a repeated cross-sectional study using a mobile platform to collect data from July-December, 2021 (round 2). We assessed participants’ dietary intake of 20 food groups over the previous seven days and computed the primary outcome, the Prime Diet Quality Score (PDQS), and Dietary Diversity Score (DDS), with higher scores indicating better quality diets. We used generalized estimating equation (GEE) linear regression models to assess factors associated with diet quality during COVID-19. Results Most of the respondents were male and the mean age was 42.4 (±12.5) years. Mean PDQS (±SD) was low at 19.4(±3.8), out of a maximum score of 40 in this study. Respondents (80%) reported higher than expected prices for all food groups. Secondary education or higher (estimate: 0.73, 95% CI: 0.32, 1.15), medium wealth status (estimate: 0.48, 95% CI: 0.14, 0.81), and older age were associated with higher PDQS. Farmers and casual laborers (estimate: -0.60, 95% CI: -1.11, -0.09), lower crop production (estimate: -0.87, 95% CI: -1.28, -0.46) and not engaged in farming (estimate: -1.38, 95% CI: -1.74, -1.02) were associated with lower PDQS. Conclusion Higher food prices and lower diet quality persisted during the COVID-19 pandemic. Economic and social vulnerability and reliance on markets (and lower agriculture production) were negatively associated with diet quality. Although recovery was evident, consumption of healthy diets remained low. Systematic efforts to address the underlying causes of poor diet quality through transforming food system value chains, and mitigation measures, including social protection programs and national policies are critical.
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    The COVID-19 pandemic and its prolonged impacts on food prices, food consumption and diet quality in sub-Saharan Africa
    (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, 2022) Ismail, Abbas; Madzorera, Isabel; Apraku, Edward A.; Tinkasimile, Amani; Dasmane, Dielbeogo; Zabre, Pascal; Ourohire, Millogo; Assefa, Nega; Chukwu, Angela; Workneh, Firehiwot; Mapendo, Frank; Lankoande, Bruno; Hemler, Elena; Wang, Dongqing; Abubakari, Sulemana W.; Asante, Kwaku P.; Baernighausen, Till; Killewo, Japhet; Oduola, Ayoade; Sie, Ali; Soura, Abdramane; Vuai, Said; Smith, Emily; Berhane, Yemane; Fawzi, Wafaie W.
    Background Sub-Saharan Africa faces prolonged COVID-19 related impacts on economic activity, livelihoods, nutrition, and food security, with recovery slowed down by lagging vaccination progress. Objective This study investigated the economic impacts of COVID-19 on food prices, consumption and dietary quality in Burkina Faso, Ethiopia, Ghana, Nigeria, and Tanzania. Methods We conducted a repeated cross-sectional study and used a mobile platform to collect data. Data collected from round 1 (July-November, 2020) and round 2 (July-December, 2021) were considered. We assessed participants’ dietary intake of 20 food groups over the previous seven days. The study’s primary outcome was the Prime Diet Quality Score (PDQS), with higher scores indicating better dietary quality. We used linear regression and generalized estimating equations to assess factors associated with diet quality during COVID-19. Results Most of the respondents were male and the mean age (±SD) was 42.4 (±12.5) years. Mean PDQS (±SD) was low at 19.1 (±3.8) before COVID-19, 18.6(±3.4) in Round 1, and 19.4(±3.8) in Round 2. A majority of respondents (80%) reported higher than expected prices for all food groups during the pandemic. Secondary education or higher (estimate: 0.73, 95% CI: 0.32, 1.15), older age (estimate: 30-39 years: 0.77, 95% CI: 0.35, 1.19, or 40 years or older: 0.72, 95% CI: 0.30, 1.13), and medium wealth status (estimate: 0.48, 95% CI: 0.14, 0.81) were associated with higher PDQS. Farmers and casual laborers (estimate: -0.60, 95% CI: -1.11, - 0.09), lower crop production (estimate: -0.87, 95% CI: -1.28, -0.46) and not engaged in farming (estimate: -1.38, 95% CI: -1.74, -1.02) associated with lower PDQS. Conclusion Diet quality which had declined early in the pandemic had started to improve. However, consumption of healthy diets remained low, and food prices remained high. Efforts should continue to improve diet quality for sustained nutrition recovery through mitigation measures, including social protection.