The efficacy of single-dose versus double-dose praziquantel treatments on schistosoma mansoni infections: its implication on undernutrition and anaemia among primary schoolchildren in two on-shore communities, Northwestern Tanzania
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Date
2017
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Hindawi Limited
Abstract
Administering more than one treatment may increase Praziquantel cure and egg reduction rates, there by hastening achievement of schistosomiasis transmission control. A total of 431S. Mansoni-infected schoolchildren were randomized to receive either a single or repeated 40 mg/kg Praziquantel dose. Heights, weights, and haemoglobin levels were determined using a stadiometer, weighing scale, and Hemo Cue, respectively. At 8 weeks, cure rate was higher on repeated dose (93.10%) compared to single dose (68.68%) (𝑝 <0.001). The egg reduction rate was higher on repeated dose (97.54%) compared to single dose (87.27%) (𝑝 = 0.0062). Geometric mean egg intensity was lower among those on repeated dose(1.30epg) compared to single dose (3.18epg)(𝑝 = 0.036)butnotat5 (𝑝 > 0.05)and8(𝑝 > 0.05) months with no difference in reinfection rate. No difference in the prevalence of stunting was observed between the two treatment regimens (𝑝 > 0.05) at 8 months, but there was an increase in the prevalence of wasting among those on repeated dose (𝑝 < 0.001). There was an increase in the mean haemoglobin level sat 8 months with no difference between the two arms (𝑝 > 0.05). To achieve reduction of transmission intensity and disease control in highly endemic areas, repeated treatments alone may not be sufficient. This trial was registered with PACTR 201601001416338.
Description
Full text Article. Also available at https://doi.org/10.1155/2017/7035025
Keywords
Schistosoma mansoni, Anaemia, Undernutrition, Tanzania, Schistosomiasis transmission control, Schistosomiasis, Urinary schistosomiasis, Praziquantel chemotherapy, Rorya district, Double-dose praziquantel, Single-dose praziquantel
Citation
Munisi, D. Z., Buza, J., Mpolya, E. A., Angelo, T., & Kinung’hi, S. M. (2017). The efficacy of single-dose versus double-dose praziquantel treatments on Schistosoma mansoni infections: its implication on undernutrition and anaemia among primary schoolchildren in two on-shore communities, northwestern Tanzania. BioMed research international, 2017.