Geographical and behavioral risks associated with Schistosoma haematobium infection in an area of complex transmission

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dc.contributor.authorAngelo, Teckla
dc.contributor.authorBuza, Joram
dc.contributor.authorKinung’hi, Safari Methusela
dc.contributor.authorKariuki, Henry Curtis
dc.contributor.authorMwanga, Joseph Rogathe
dc.contributor.authorMunisi, David Zadock
dc.contributor.authorWilson, Shona
dc.date.accessioned2020-09-01T06:46:41Z
dc.date.available2020-09-01T06:46:41Z
dc.date.issued2018
dc.descriptionFull-text article. Also available at https://doi.org/10.1186/s13071-018-3064-5en_US
dc.description.abstractBackground: Schistosoma haematobium infection in endemic areas varies depending on the nature and complexity of the transmission networks present. Studies of micro-geographical transmission of S. Haematobium infection indicate that discrepancy in prevalence between households is associated with diverse water contact behaviours and transmission that is restricted to particular sites harbouring snail intermediate hosts. Detection of variations in the transmission sources with complex transmission networks of water bodies is required for the optimization of malacological control. Longitudinal parasitological and malacological surveys were conducted to investigate geographical variations in transmission of urogenital schistosomiasis in Ikingwamanoti village, Shinyanga District, Tanzania. Methods: Urine samples were collected at baseline and follow-up time points from 282 school-aged children and examined microscopically for the presence of S. Haematobium eggs. Malacological surveys involved the collection of Bulinus nasutus every month from 30 sites. Snails were examined for patent infections. Global positioning system was used to map household distances from S. Haematobium transmission sites, while water contact behaviour was assessed using a questionnaire. Results: Schistosoma haematobium infection was observed to be prevalent among older children (12–14 years) compared to younger groups prior to treatment, but no significant difference in infection prevalence was observed at one-year. Boys were highly infected than girls at both time points. No spatial influence was observed between children’s infection and the distance from child’s residence to the nearby snail habitats nor was any significant association observed between children’s reported water contact behaviour with S. haematobium infection. However, malacological surveys with cercarial shedding combined with GPS data detected significant variation among different water sources in the transmission of S. Haematobium with children living in households near to ponds with high B. nasutus populations having the highest prevalence of infection. Conclusions: Interaction between malacological surveys with cercarial shedding combined with GPS mapping in endemic settings can help detection of transmission sources even in areas with complex transmission networks. Subsequent studies are needed to determine whether the combination of GPS mapping and parasitology screens can aid the detection of transmission hotspots across varied transmission settings to enhance schistosomiasis control programmes.en_US
dc.identifier.citationAngelo, T., Buza, J., Kinung’hi, S. M., Kariuki, H. C., Mwanga, J. R., Munisi, D. Z., & Wilson, S. (2018). Geographical and behavioral risks associated with Schistosoma haematobium infection in an area of complex transmission. Parasites & vectors, 11(1), 481.en_US
dc.identifier.otherDOI: 10.1186/s13071-018-3064-5
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12661/2455
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.publisherBioMed Centralen_US
dc.subjectUrogenital schistosomiasisen_US
dc.subjectMalacological surveysen_US
dc.subjectWater contact behavioren_US
dc.subjectSchistosoma haematobiuminfectionen_US
dc.subjectMicro-geographical transmissionen_US
dc.subjectDiverse wateren_US
dc.subjectMalacological controlen_US
dc.titleGeographical and behavioral risks associated with Schistosoma haematobium infection in an area of complex transmissionen_US
dc.title.alternativeParasites & Vectorsen_US
dc.typeArticleen_US
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