Browsing by Author "Mchonde, Gabriel J."

Now showing 1 - 9 of 9
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    ATP-induced nuclear and cytosolic ca2+ signal in various stages of interphase hela/fucci2 cell
    (Mohammad Nassar for Researches (MNFR), 2015) Mchonde, Gabriel J.; Satoh, Yoh-ichi; Saino, Tomoyuki
    Cell cycle progression involves the coordination of growth, DNA replication and division in proliferating cells. These intracellular activities are linked with calcium signaling in which calcium ion (Ca2+) act as a second messenger or as an agent for phosphorylation processes. Previous studies have examined the Ca2+ in the dividing cells; however, none of these gave the detailed explanation on Ca2+ dynamics in an interphase cell. This study addresses here the issue of whether the nuclear and cytosolic Ca2+ concentrations ([Ca2+]n and [Ca2+]c) changes are related or not in the dividing interphase cells. Current approach used interphase HeLa/Fucci2 cells to investigate the intracellular Ca2+ dynamics between the nucleoplasm and cytoplasm following stimulation with extracellular adenosine triphosphate (extracellular purinergic-2 receptor agonists). The results revealed that [Ca2+]n and [Ca2+]c signals differed both between and within interphase stages.
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    Atrial septal defect in a 50 years old male presenting as oblique septal canal that appeared to be regulated by five luminal bands
    (IMED Research Publications, 2014) Gesase, Ainory Peter; Mchonde, Gabriel J.; Meremo, Alfred; Manyama, Mange
    To date seven different types of atrial septal defects (ASD) have been described and they include septum primum, septum secundum, superior vena cava, inferior vena cava, coronary sinus and patent foramen ovale types of ASD. One feature in common among these ASD’s is that they all present with a hole that may allow communication between the left and right atria. The current observation reports what appears to be a new type of ASD that is characterized by the presence of an oblique septal canal that opens into the right and left atria. The right atrial opening was D-shaped and measured about 0.9 cm wide and the left atrial opening was crescent-shaped and measuring about 0.5 cm wide. In addition to this the left atrial opening was associated with five luminal bands; the last three bands lies on the roof of the oblique septal canal. The action of pulling the first luminal band resulted into closure of the left atrial opening an indication that the bands prevented blood coming from the lungs from entering into the right atrium. The presence of oblique septal canal and luminal bands has not been reported in relation to the ASD’s. Continued documentation of such anomalies remains clinically important particularly in African settings where unexplained illnesses are easily attributed to endemic diseases.
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    Bilateral multiple variations in the formation of the brachial plexus and its terminal nerves: a case report
    (IMED Research Publications, 2013) Mchonde, Gabriel J.; Fabian, Flora M.; Nondoli, Hortensia G.
    Variations in formation of brachial plexus roots, trunks, divisions and cords are not uncommon and maybe of important in regional anaesthesia involving the upper limb. However, in the present case we are reporting a rare bilateral multiple variations observed during routine dissection on a 77-years-old embalmed male cadaver on left and right brachial plexus. Understanding the anatomical variations involving brachial plexus is important and might benefit the physicians, surgeons, anaesthesiologists and neuroanatomists during their routine procedures involving the cervical, axillary and the upper limb regions.
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    Looped left testicular artery in relation to a variant left renal vein: a case report
    (Pulsus, 2014) Mchonde, Gabriel J.; Mwashambwa, Masumbuko Y.; Fabian, Flora M.; Gesase, Ainory P.
    Variations involving the renal and testicular vessels are not uncommon. During a routine dissection of a 48-year-old male cadaver, one main and one accessory hilar renal vein were observed in the left kidney. The accessory hilar renal vein received the left testicular vein before it entered the main left renal vein. We also discovered for the first time the entrapment of the arched left testicular artery between the main renal vein and accessory hilar renal veins. The knowledge of these anatomical variations is important to radiologists in interpreting renal and testicular angiograms and to surgeons performing interventional procedures on a patient with these variations.
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    Musculus cervicis accessorius: a variant accessory muscle of the axiomuscles
    (East African Scholars Publisher, 2019) Mchonde, Gabriel J.
    Supernumerally anatomical structures is of clinical and surgical importance and requires a greater knowledge on their existence. The present article reports the anatomic variation on the number and position of axiomuscles in the cervicothoracic region observed during routine dissection of a 72-years-old embalmed male cadaver on the left shoulder region. According to the origin, insertion and innervation topographies of the extra muscle, it was considered as musculus cervicis accessorius. The existence of this muscle is of importance to surgeons, anatomists and physiotherapist during their normal routine procedures or during evaluation of CT and MRI scans by the radiologists.
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    Termination pattern of the main and accessory pancreatic ducts among Tanzanians
    (Association of Anatomical Societies of Africa, 2014) Mchonde, Gabriel J.; Gesase, Ainory Peter
    The pancreas has the main and occasionally a patent accessory pancreatic ducts that carry secretions to the duodenum. Anatomical studies on these ducts are limited. The present study observed the anatomy of the two ducts in eighty six Tanzanians autopsy subjects to find out if the pattern is similar to those reported from other populations. The patent accessory pancreatic duct, and common channel formed by union of accessory pancreatic duct and common bile duct were present in 29.1% and 7% respectively, and shorter common channels formed by the main pancreatic and common bile duct were observed. These are novel findings and have not been reported before. The variations on the pattern of the two ducts have anatomical and clinical implications. Adequate knowledge of these variations is important for clinical and surgical procedures of the pancreaticobilliary system.
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    Triple ectopic thyroid associated with normally located pretracheal thyroid gland: A rare entity
    (Edorium Journals, 2016) Mchonde, Gabriel J.; Nondoli, Hortensia G.; Hirakawa, Masato
    Triple ectopic thyroid tissues associated with a normally located thyroid is a rare encountered anomaly among thyroid dysgenesis. Case Report: Herein, we present a case observed during a routine dissection on a 88-year-old embalmed female cadaver who had a normally located pretracheal thyroid gland coexisted with three independent inferiorly located thyroid tissue masses extended into the superior mediastinum displacing the aortic arch and associated major vessels. Thyroid dysgenesis can be genetic and inheritable due to involvement of mutations on regulatory genes required for early embryonic development of the thyroid gland. More information on these rare anatomical variations could benefit physicians, surgeons and radiologists on differential diagnosis and management strategies during their routine procedures.
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    Unilateral variant in origin, position and course of pubic artery associated with a variant obturator artery and vein
    (IMED Research Publications, 2015) Mchonde, Gabriel J.; Nondoli, Hortensia G.; Mwashambwa, Masumbuko Y.
    Increased frequencies on variations in the origin, course and branching of retropubic vessels has brought an increased attention to anatomists, surgeons and radiologists. Pubic arterial supply normally originates from branches of; obturator artery before it leaves the pelvic cavity at the obturator foramen, and inferior epigastric artery. Branches from these two vessels usually anastomoses to supply the pubis. We observed a unique variation of pubic artery presenting unilaterally during a routine dissection in an 85-years-old male cadaver. A single unilateral variant left pubic artery was seen arising from a variant left obturator artery that originated from external iliac artery in a common trunk with inferior epigastric artery. On its way to the pubic region it gave a branch that provides arterial supply to the rectus sheath. To date this is a rare entity, thereby important to pelvic surgeons and radiologists undertaking routine procedures involving the retropubic space (space of Bogros).
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    Variant position and course of the superior cervical Cardiac branch of vagus nerve
    (IMED Research Publications, 2017) Mchonde, Gabriel J.; Saino, Tomoyuki
    Variations on course and position of vagus nerve and its branches are extremely rare congenital anomaly. This manuscript presents a case of left superior cervical cardiac branch of the vagus nerve looping over the subclavian vein observed during routine dissection of a 72-yeays-old embalmed caucasian female cadaver. In the same case, the left inferior cervical cardiac branch was taking origin from the uperior cervical branch. Understanding the existence and developmental variations of these two cervical cardiac branches is of important in clinical presentations.