Pre-treatment of high free fatty acids oils by chemical re-esterification for biodiesel production—a review

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dc.contributor.authorKombe, Godlisten G.
dc.contributor.authorTemu, Abraham K.
dc.contributor.authorRajabu, Hassan M.
dc.contributor.authorMrema, Godwill D.
dc.contributor.authorKansedo, Jibrail
dc.contributor.authorLee, Keat Teong
dc.date.accessioned2020-03-13T10:05:50Z
dc.date.available2020-03-13T10:05:50Z
dc.date.issued2013
dc.descriptionFull Text Article. Also available at: http://www.scirp.org/journal/acesen_US
dc.description.abstractNon edible oil sources have the potential to lower the cost of biodiesel. However, they usually contain significant high amounts of free fatty acids (FFA) that make them inadequate for direct base catalyzed transesterification reaction (where the FFA content should be lower than 3%). The present work reviews chemical re-esterification as a possible method for the pre-treatment of high FFA feedstock for biodiesel production. The effects of temperature, amount of glycerol, type and amount of catalyst have been discussed. Chemical re-esterification lowers FFA to acceptable levels for transesterification at the same time utilizing the glycerol by product from the same process. Further researches have been proposed as a way forward to improve the process kinetics and optimization so as to make it more economical.en_US
dc.identifier.citationKombe, G. G., Temu, A. K., Rajabu, H. M., Mrema, G. D., Kansedo, J., & Lee, K. T. (2013). Pre-treatment of high free fatty acids oils by chemical re-esterification for biodiesel production—a review. Advances in Chemical Engineering and Science, 2013.en_US
dc.identifier.urihttp://dx.doi.org/10.4236/aces.2013.34031
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12661/2174
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.publisherScientific Researchen_US
dc.subjectRe-esterificationen_US
dc.subjectChemical re-esterificationen_US
dc.subjectFree fatty aciden_US
dc.subjectHigh free fatty aciden_US
dc.subjectFFAen_US
dc.subjectHigh FFAen_US
dc.subjectGlycerolysisen_US
dc.subjectBiodieselen_US
dc.subjectBiodiesel feedstocken_US
dc.titlePre-treatment of high free fatty acids oils by chemical re-esterification for biodiesel production—a reviewen_US
dc.typeArticleen_US
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